UNDP United Nations Development Programme ÈÑäÇãÌ ÇáÃãã ÇáãÊÍÏÉ ÇáÅäãÇÆí
Programme on Governance in the Arab Region ÈÑäÇãÌ ÅÏÇÑÉ ÇáÍßã Ýí ÇáÏæá ÇáÚÑÈíÉ POGAR
Publications: Legislature
- Preface
- A demonstration of Arab legislative systems
- The Parliament
  - The council of the parliament
  - Chairmanship
  - Parliamentary committees
  - The parliament's membership
  - The parliaments functions
  - Parliament's sessions and audiences
- The Senate
  - Organizations of the senate
  - The membership in the senate
  - The senate's functions
  - The senate's sessions
  - Joint sessions (parliament and senate)
  - The head of the state's legislative functions
  - The majorities
- Conclusion
- Form and language remarks
Structures of the Arab Parliaments: Comparative Study
by Dr. Wassim Harb

The Senate
The membership in the senate:

We’ve dealt with this subject is 3 categories:
1. the loss of membership,
2. the members’ rights,
3. the members’ obligations.

As for acquiring and losing membership in the senate (see fig. T24) we’ve mentioned the cases where the senate’s members are either elected or appointed, the conditions for their membership (legal capacity, social standard) and the cases where there is a vacancy in the council (death, resignation, loss of membership) in addition to the consequences of this vacancy. Then we’ve noticed the cases where the term of the senate is ended (dissolution or expiration).

As for the rights and obligations of the members (see fig. T25) we’ve made a comparison table, presenting the members’ freedom of speech, their immunity, their role in initiating laws and questioning the government. Then we’ve dealt with the cases where joining the senate’s membership with public functions is possible or not.

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